Characteristic |
Age at presentation |
p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
< 40 | ≥ 40 | ||
No. (%) | No. (%) | ||
Overall | 154 | 178 | |
Year at operation | 0.144 | ||
2003-2008 | 100 (64.9) | 101 (56.7) | |
2009-2013 | 54 (35.1) | 77 (43.3) | |
Family history | 1 | ||
Yes | 12 (7.8) | 13 (7.3) | |
No | 142 (92.2) | 165 (92.7) | |
Unilaterality | 1 | ||
Unilateral | 149 (96.8) | 173 (97.2) | |
Bilateral | 5 (3.2) | 5 (2.8) | |
Multiplicity | 0.540 | ||
Yes | 46 (29.9) | 47 (26.4) | |
No | 108 (70.1) | 131 (73.6) | |
Histopathology | 0.016 | ||
IDC | 151 (98.1) | 167 (93.8) | |
ILC | 2 (1.3) | 11 (6.2) | |
Mixed | 1 (0.6) | 0 | |
NG* | 0.180 | ||
Low | 5 (3.3) | 14 (8.1) | |
Intermediate | 70 (45.8) | 72 (41.4) | |
High | 78 (51.0) | 88 (50.6) | |
LVI† | 0.825 | ||
Yes | 84 (55.6) | 96 (54.2) | |
No | 67 (44.4) | 81 (45.8) | |
ER status | 0.023 | ||
Positive | 117 (76.0) | 114 (64.0) | |
Negative | 37 (24.0) | 64 (36.0) | |
PR status | 0.035 | ||
Positive | 113 (73.4) | 111 (62.4) | |
Negative | 41 (26.6) | 67 (37.6) | |
Her-2 status | 0.681 | ||
Amplification | 29 (18.8) | 37 (20.8) | |
Not amplification | 125 (81.2) | 141 (79.2) | |
Subtype | 0.046 | ||
Luminal A | 105 (68.2) | 98 (55.1) | |
Luminal B | 17 (11.0) | 21 (11.8) | |
HER-2 | 12 (7.8) | 16 (9.0) | |
TNBC | 20 (13.0) | 43 (24.2) | |
Tumor size (cm) | 0.352 | ||
≤ 2.0 | 61 (39.6) | 57 (32.0) | |
> 2.0 and ≤ 5.0 | 76 (49.4) | 99 (55.6) | |
> 5.0 | 17 (11.0) | 22 (12.4) | |
Number of involved LN | 0.944 | ||
0 | 53 (34.4) | 59 (33.2) | |
1–3 | 48 (31.2) | 57 (32.0) | |
4–9 | 28 (18.2) | 36 (20.2) | |
10– | 25 (16.2) | 26 (14.6) | |
Stage | 0.670 | ||
I | 33 (21.4) | 32 (18.0) | |
II | 65 (42.2) | 82 (46.1) | |
III | 56 (36.4) | 64 (36.0) | |
Type of operation | 0.098 | ||
BCS | 64 (41.6) | 91 (51.1) | |
TM | 90 (58.4) | 87 (48.9) | |
Type of axillary operation | 0.706 | ||
SLNB | 34 (22.1) | 39 (21.9) | |
ALND | 103 (66.9) | 124 (69.7) | |
Not done | 17 (11.0) | 15 (8.4) | |
DM site | 0.867 | ||
bone, lung, LN | 69 (44.8) | 82 (46.1) | |
liver | 12 (7.8) | 16 (9.0) | |
brain, multi-organ | 73 (47.4) | 80 (44.9) | |
DMFI | 0.186 | ||
< 36 month | 66 (42.9) | 90 (50.6) | |
≥ 36 month | 88 (57.1) | 88 (49.4) |
IDC=invasive ductal carcinoma; ILC=invasive lobular carcinoma; NG=nuclear grade; LVI=lymphovascular invasion; ER=estrogen receptor; PR=progesterone receptor; HER-2=human epidermal growth factor-2; TNBC=triple negative breast cancer; LN=lymph node; BCS=breast conserving surgery; TM=total mastectomy; SLNB=sentinel lymph node biopsy; ALND=axillary lymph node dissection; DM site=distant metastasis site; DMFI=distant metastasis free interval.
Risk factors |
Univariable |
Multivariable |
Total (n=332) | Expire=1 No. | (%) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p-value | Hazard Ratio | 95% CI | p-value | Hazard Ratio | 95% CI | ||||||
Age at presentation | |||||||||||
< 40 | ref | ref | 154 | 79 | (51.3) | ||||||
≥ 40 | 0.975 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.547 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 178 | 94 | (52.8) |
Year at operation | |||||||||||
2003~2008 | ref | 201 | 125 | (62.2) | |||||||
2009~2013 | 0.607 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 131 | 48 | (36.6) | ||||
Family history | |||||||||||
Yes | 0.090 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 2.7 | 0.156 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 25 | 15 | (60.0) |
No | ref | ref | 307 | 158 | (51.5) | ||||||
Unilaterality | |||||||||||
Unilateral | ref | 322 | 168 | (52.2) | |||||||
Bilateral | 0.218 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 4.3 | 10 | 5 | (50.0) | ||||
Multiplicity | |||||||||||
Multiple | 0.209 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 93 | 41 | (44.1) | ||||
Single | ref | 239 | 132 | (55.2) | |||||||
Type of operation | |||||||||||
BCS | ref | ref | 155 | 85 | (54.8) | ||||||
TM | 0.115 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 0.711 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 177 | 88 | (49.7) |
Type of axillary operation | 0.302 | ||||||||||
SLNB | 0.405 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 73 | 29 | (39.7) | ||||
ALND | 0.786 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 227 | 126 | (55.5) | ||||
Not done | ref | 32 | 18 | (56.3) | |||||||
LVI* | |||||||||||
Yes | 0.102 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 0.422 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 180 | 98 | (54.4) |
No | ref | ref | 148 | 72 | (48.6) | ||||||
NG† | 0.001 | 0.221 | |||||||||
Low | ref | ref | 19 | 5 | (26.3) | ||||||
Intermediate | 0.223 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 4.4 | 0.432 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 3.7 | 142 | 61 | (43.0) |
High | 0.018 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 7.3 | 0.199 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 4.9 | 166 | 104 | (62.7) |
Tumor size (cm) | 0.780 | ||||||||||
≤ 2.0 | ref | 118 | 58 | (49.2) | |||||||
> 2.0 and ≤ 5.0 | 0.481 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 175 | 94 | (53.7) | ||||
> 5.0 | 0.770 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 39 | 21 | (53.8) | ||||
Number of involved LN | 0.387 | ||||||||||
0 | ref | 112 | 54 | (48.2) | |||||||
1–3 | 0.817 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 105 | 51 | (48.6) | ||||
4–9 | 0.618 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 64 | 34 | (53.1) | ||||
10– | 0.152 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 51 | 34 | (66.7) | ||||
Stage | 0.267 | ||||||||||
I | ref | 65 | 30 | (46.2) | |||||||
II | 0.808 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 147 | 72 | (49.0) | ||||
III | 0.333 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 120 | 71 | (59.2) | ||||
Subtype | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||||
Luminal A | ref | ref | 203 | 85 | (41.9) | ||||||
Luminal B | 0.438 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 0.101 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 38 | 15 | (39.5) |
Her-2 | < 0.001 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 4.7 | 0.044 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 2.8 | 28 | 25 | (89.3) |
TNBC | < 0.001 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 0.001 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 3.0 | 63 | 48 | (76.2) |
DM site | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||||||
Bone, lung, LN | ref | ref | 151 | 67 | (44.4) | ||||||
Liver | 0.269 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 2.4 | 0.112 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 2.9 | 28 | 15 | (53.6) |
Brain, multiorgan | < 0.001 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 3.2 | < 0.001 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 153 | 91 | (59.5) |
DMFI | |||||||||||
< 36 month | ref | ref | 156 | 117 | (75.0) | ||||||
≥ 36 month | < 0.001 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.6 | < 0.001 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 176 | 56 | (31.8) |
IDC=invasive ductal carcinoma; ILC=invasive lobular carcinoma; NG=nuclear grade; LVI=lymphovascular invasion; ER=estrogen receptor; PR=progesterone receptor; HER-2=human epidermal growth factor-2; TNBC=triple negative breast cancer; LN=lymph node; BCS=breast conserving surgery; TM=total mastectomy; SLNB=sentinel lymph node biopsy; ALND=axillary lymph node dissection; DM site=distant metastasis site; DMFI=distant metastasis free interval.